Sichuan Province is located in the Upper Yangtze Valley in the southwest part of the country. It covers an area of 569,000 square kilometers (219,700 square miles) and is bordered by the provinces of Gansu and Shaanxi to the north, Guizhou and Yunnan to the south, the Tibetan Autonomous Region to the west, Qinghai to the northwest, and Chongqing Municipality to the east.

One of the most populous regions in China, it has an estimated population over 70,000,000. The name Sichuan means four rivers and refers to the four main tributaries of the Yangtze River, which flows through the province. The provincial capital of Chengdu is located in the center of the province.

From economic, political, geographical, and historical points of view, the heart and nerve center of Sichuan is the Chengdu basin area, commonly known as Sichuan. Its mild and humid climate, fertile soil, and abundant mineral and forestry resources make it one of the most prosperous and economically self-sufficient regions of China. The Chinese call the basin Tina Fu Hz Go, which literally means heaven on the Earth.